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Personal Allowances and income tax rate bands

The income tax-free personal allowance increased to £11,850 on 6 April 2018 and rises again to £12,500 on 6 April 2019. The basic rate threshold rose to £34,500 on 6 April 2018 and increases to £37,500 on 6 April 2019.

This means that you can earn £46,350 in the tax year ending 5 April 2019, whilst remaining a basic rate taxpayer, with this threshold rising to £50,000 for the year ending 5 April 2020.  The £100,000 threshold remains in place with the personal allowance tapering away by £1 for every £2 over the £100,000.

Steps should be taken to reduce or eliminate taxable income between £100,000 and £123,700 for the year ending 5 April 2019 (£100,000 and £125,000 for the year ending 5 April 2020) as an effective hybrid rate of tax of up to 60% will be paid on income falling between these amounts as a result of the personal allowance restriction.  It is therefore possible, in the right circumstance, to secure 60% income tax relief by making pension contributions or charitable donations.

Taxable income and tax liabilities can be reduced by a number of means such as:

  • using ISA allowances
  • pension contributions
  • donations to charities
  • restructuring investments, for instance between married couples/civil partners
  • investing in capital rather than income yielding assets
  • restructuring property portfolios